BeerTools Discussion Forum

There are many factors that can affect your utilization rates. Higher gravity beers require more hops to achieve the same bitterness. Whole leaf hops have approximately 85% the potency of pellets. The problem could also be that your boil is not vigorous enough. For good utilization, you want a hard,...

Residual Alkalinity = + Total Alkalinity (as ppm CaCO3) X (0.056) - Calcium (as ppm Ca2+) X (0.04) - Magnesium (as ppm Mg2+) X (0.033) For example, Burton, and Munich have similar levels of alkalinity, but Munich has a much higher Residual Alkalinity. The approximate levels of alkalinity in Burton a...